PANTRY PEST:
General information: Pantry pests
Damage by Pantry pests
Recommended
Control Measures for Pantry Pests: Moths and Beetles
Confused Flour Beetle and Red Flour Beetles
Cigarette and Drugstore Beetles
Sawtoothed Grain Beetle and Merchant Grain Beetles
Mediterranean Flour Moth
Indian Meal Moth
Identification:
Differences Between Beetles and Moths
FABRIC PEST:
General information:
Fabric pests:Moths and Beetles
Recommended Control Measures for Fabric Pests: Moths and Beetles
Casemaking Clothes Moth
Webbing Clothes Moth
Black
Carpet Beetles:
Furniture
Carpet Beetles:
Varied Carpet Beetles:
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Casemaking Clothes Moth
Description:
Adult casemaking clothes moths are approximately 3/8- to 1/2-inch from wing tip to wing tip,
and are slightly smaller than webbing clothes moths.
The wings and body are buff to golden with a brown tinge and the front wings have three dark spots,
but these distinguishing characteristics are often rubbed off.
The larvae are small caterpillars (3/8-inch long) that live within a small portable, silken case which they carry as they
feed. The larvae have dark head capsules and the first thoracic segment (leg segment) is dark brown or black.
Biology:
Females begin laying eggs (37-48) singly on suitable larval food the day after emergence as an adult.
The larva feeds for about 33-90 days and molts 5-11 times.
The mature larva then finds a sheltered place to pupate.
The insect pupates within the silken larval case.
Developmental time (egg to adult) requires 46-116 days.
The casemaking clothes moth is usually more common in the southern states where there are two generations per year.
Adults may lay eggs year around in the northern states but have only one generation per year.
Habits:
The casemaking clothes moth prefers products of animal origin, secondarily
feeding on products of plant origin.
Moths digest keratin, the protein of which hair, horns, nails, claws,
hoofs, feathers, and scales of reptiles, birds, and mammals are formed.
All of these make up natural clothing that we wear. Moths also attack
a wide variety of other natural materials and even some synthetic
ones. they often use paper, starch, cotton or silk to build cocoons
It is a pest of woolens, rugs, feather, felts, skins, spices, drugs,
furs, taxidermy mounts, and stored tobacco.
The larva remains within the case at all times and dies if removed.
It can turn completely around without leaving the case and can feed
from either end.
Adults do not feed, it is the larvae that does the feeding.Such pieces
aas museum pieces, wall mountings, furs, taxidermy mounts, etc., might
require vaults fumigation or treatment with a dust formulation.
Damage done:
Cigar-shaped cases( 1/16- 3/8-inch( size depending on larval stage)
usually attached to fabric at one end.
Cases are white or the a slight color of the fabric infested.
If cases are absent,damage is recognized by as surface feeding in
irregular furrows, or if serv re, complete holes.
Rodents will cause other types of damage: pulled threads and cut fabric
Inspection:
A complete inspection is necessary before beginning any control measures.
Fabric pests like cloth moths are sometimes confused with pantry pest moths.
They are close in size and appearance.
Many times an infestation can start in a grain or meal product,
but cloth moths will travel to your closet areas to infest the preferred source of woolens, ect.
Pantry moths will stay in the pantry areas.
It is important to remember that adults to not cause the damage, but the larvae do.The presence of adults in an area,
doesn't mean that larvae are nearby, in that they may have laid their eggs in another room, and the adults are randomly moving around.
The adults like to fly towards light.
The larvae of both clothes moths and the beetles prefer to feed in secluded, hidden places.
Using a flash light and a small spatula may be necessary to seek out the larvae.
The larvae may be found in dark clothes in closets, furs, woolens, and
carpet bits,
or other material in storage.
They can also be found in lint and animal hair found under baseboards, edges of carpeting, under upholstered furniture,
under edges of carpets, in air ducts, and occasionally in stored products in the pantry like cereals.
The use of a knife blade or spatula will help examine the lint closely for live larvae or cast skins.
It is important to consider natural sources when making an inspection, such as woolens.
Larvae are often attracted to soiled fabrics (such as clothing soiled with
body oil or perspiration) and cracks and crevices where lint, food
crumbs or dead insects accumulate.
Clothes moths dislike direct sunlight.
Moths cannot complete their normal life cycle on clean, processed
wool. It must be contaminated with some nutritional supplement such
as food, beverage, sweat or urine stains. Such stains provide the
proteins, the mineral salts and the vitamin B complex essential to
the moth.
Carpet beetle larvae may also feed on stored cereals, dry pet food
and wool piano felts.
Carpet beetle infestations are more likely
to be discovered because of the damage they do,
not because large populations are being found.
Although larva and adults are easily
killed, eggs and pupa are not.
Look for articles of woolen clothing which may have been stored and neglected, and check the premises for old furniture
and rugs which may be a source of a continuing infestation.
Other important areas of concern may be include sites
which represent the natural habitat of these insects. Sparrow, starling, or other bird nests, inside or outside of the premises,
are common points of origin.
Bird nests in fireplaces and attics can be common sites.
Wasp nests which are found under eaves and in attics are also common sources of carpet beetle and clothes moth infestations.
Another source of food material for carpet beetle and clothes moth larvae is accumulations of animal hair
which may be found quite often in homes where pets are kept.
Shed hair may accumulate in heating ducts, beneath furniture, or in hard-to-clean corners.
These loose tangles of hair may be sufficient to sustain a small population of fabric pests
for a long period of time, even in places where all wool products
might have been treated.
Prevention and Sanitation:
Prevention is important in fabric pest.
It is important to frequently and thoroughly vacuum carpet and upholstery, and dry clean susceptible clothing such as the woolens.
To not store discarded garments, fur or animal pelts, old wool rugs, feather pillows, or such vulnerable fabrics for long.
Soiled fabrics such as synthetic fibers can also be attacked by these insects.
Other potential sites can be dried flower arrangements, or decorative items with "seeds" in them.
Baseboards, behind door casings,under heat radiators, and inside furnace or air conditioning registers should be cleaned with a vacuum cleaner.
In garment bags or storage boxes , moth balls would work fine.
Moth balls( napthalene )can work as continuous repellent, but most
be in a stored, sealed container.
Recommended rates for PDB are 1.0-1.25 lb. active ingredient per 100
cu. ft. of storage space.
Cedar chests or cedar closets don't work well, because a sufficiently
tight seal is rarely maintained.
Cold vaults for garment storage would be effective for valuable furs.
Prevention and Control Measures:
- Storage in tight containers
Stored clothing
should be kept in tightly closed containers after cleaning them.
- Removal of animal nests.
Fabric-damaging pests such as clothes moths sometimes move into homes from the abandoned nests of birds, rodents, bats, bees, and wasps. These sources should be located and removed. Rats and mice should be eliminated. The preferred manner for treating rodents is by trapping. If poisoned rodents die in inaccessible places, their carcasses can become food sources for fabric pests and flies.
- Vacuuming and Cleaning
Look for places that debris collects ; under furniture that is rarely moved, along baseboards, in cracks between floorboards, and wherever debris collects. Also clean in closets where fabric items, furs, and feather-filled materials are stored, and inside and behind heaters, vents, and ducts.
- Cleaning fabrics.
Clothes moths are attracted to the food, beverage, and sweat stains in woolens and other materials, not to the wool itself.
It is important that garments are cleanedthoroughly before being stored.
- Inspection
A complete inspection of the closets and other areas is the first order of
business.
The soiled garments, particularly woolens need to be dry cleaned or
laundered.
After the inspection, critical areas should receive the special
attention.
The insecticides will kill exposed adults and larvae.
In carpets, it would be around the baseboards.
In furniture it would be around the buttons, zippers and seams.
After vacuuming cracks and crevices in the closets , an aerosol
with a crack and crevice tip such as PERMA
DUST OR INTRUDER
can be sprayed in the cracks and crevices.
A residual insecticide such as DEMAND
SC or PERMA
DUST would be a good choice for spot treatments.
Infested rugs, carpets, and furniture should be cleaned thoroughly and protected with a residual insecticide application.
A recommended residual insecticide would be DEMAND CS
Sensitive items, such as museum pieces, wall mountings, furs, taxidermy mounts, etc., might require vaults
fumigation or treatment with temperature control.
Major pest control companies do have chambers for this type of control.
Always keep pets and children off the wet surface until it dries.
Prevention is the best control.
Thorough vacuum cleaning of rugs and furniture removes lint and pet hair
as well as some of the larvae.
Sensitive items, such as museum pieces, wall mountings, furs, taxidermy
mounts, etc., might require vaults fumigation or treatment with temperature
control.
Major pest control companies do have chambers for this type of control.
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